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₹25000
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Duration: 8 Weeks
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Delivery mode: Online
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Group size: Individual
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Instruction language:
English
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Certificate provided:
Yes
Course Outline: Introduction to Logic
Course Title: Logic for Philosophy, Argumentation, and Everyday Life
Course Duration: 8 weeks
Week 1: Introduction to Logic
Session 1: The Nature and Scope of Logic
● Topics:
○ What is Logic? Definitions and Importance
○ A Brief History of Logic: From Aristotle to Modern Times
○ Types of Reasoning: Deductive vs. Inductive
○ The Role of Logic in Philosophy and Society
● Skills Developed:
○ Understanding the scope and relevance of logic.
○ Differentiating between types of reasoning.
● Activities:
○ Group discussion: Why is logic necessary in philosophy and daily life?
● Readings:
○ Copi, Irving M., Introduction to Logic (Pearson), Chapters 1–2
○ Grayling, A.C., An Introduction to Philosophical Logic (Wiley-Blackwell),
Introduction
Session 2: Logic as a Tool for Understanding Philosophy
● Topics:
○ How Logic Shapes Philosophical Inquiry
○ Ancient Philosophical Texts and Logical Structures
○ Logic in the Works of Plato, Aristotle, and Medieval Thinkers
● Skills Developed:
○ Identifying logical arguments in philosophical texts.
○ Interpreting ancient reasoning techniques in a modern context.
● Activities:
○ Textual analysis: Identifying arguments in excerpts from Aristotle’s Organon.
● Readings:
○ Aristotle, Organon (Selections from Categories and Prior Analytics)
Week 2: Fundamentals of Propositional Logic
Session 3: Understanding Propositions
● Topics:
○ Propositions, Statements, and Sentences
○ Logical Connectives: AND, OR, NOT, IF-THEN
○ Introduction to Truth Tables
● Skills Developed:
○ Translating everyday statements into logical propositions.
○ Constructing and analyzing truth tables.
● Activities:
○ Exercises in constructing truth tables for simple propositions.
● Readings:
○ Hurley, Patrick J., A Concise Introduction to Logic (Cengage), Chapter 6
Session 4: Validity, Soundness, and Logical Equivalences
● Topics:
○ Validity and Soundness of Arguments
○ Identifying Logical Equivalences
○ Common Logical Patterns (Modus Ponens, Modus Tollens)
● Skills Developed:
○ Evaluating arguments for validity and soundness.
○ Using logical equivalences to simplify arguments.
● Activities:
○ Analyzing real-world arguments for validity and soundness.
● Readings:
○ Sainsbury, R.M., Logical Forms: An Introduction to Philosophical Logic
(Wiley-Blackwell)
Week 3: Classical Logic and Syllogisms
Session 5: Aristotle’s Syllogistic Logic
● Topics:
○ Categorical Propositions: A, E, I, O Forms
○ Aristotle’s Theory of Syllogisms
○ Venn Diagrams for Syllogistic Representation
● Skills Developed:
○ Creating and evaluating categorical syllogisms.
○ Visualizing syllogisms using Venn diagrams.
● Activities:
○ Practice: Diagramming and evaluating syllogisms.
● Readings:
○ Aristotle, Organon (Selections from Posterior Analytics)
○ Smith, Robin, Aristotle's Logic (Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy)
Session 6: Fallacies and Errors in Classical Logic
● Topics:
○ Common Logical Fallacies: Ad Hominem, Straw Man, Slippery Slope, etc.
○ Analyzing Faulty Reasoning in Texts and Debates
● Skills Developed:
○ Identifying and refuting logical fallacies.
● Activities:
○ Interactive exercises: Spotting fallacies in media and debates.
● Readings:
○ Walton, Douglas, Informal Logic: A Pragmatic Approach (Cambridge University
Press)
Week 4: Predicate Logic and Advanced Reasoning
Session 7: Introduction to Predicate Logic
● Topics:
○ Universal and Existential Quantifiers (∀, ∃)
○ Translating Natural Language into Predicate Logic
● Skills Developed:
○ Translating complex statements into predicate logic.
○ Differentiating between universal and existential claims.
● Activities:
○ Practice translating statements with quantifiers.
● Readings:
○ Hurley, Patrick J., A Concise Introduction to Logic (Cengage), Chapter 7
Session 8: Applications of Advanced Reasoning
● Topics:
○ Logical Implications and Tautologies
○ Contradictions and Contingencies in Logic
● Skills Developed:
○ Identifying implications and tautologies in arguments.
● Activities:
○ Constructing logical proofs for real-life scenarios.
● Readings:
○ Russell, Bertrand, Introduction to Mathematical Philosophy (Cambridge
University Press)
Week 5: Logic in Everyday Life
Session 9: Practical Applications of Logic
● Topics:
○ Logic in Decision-Making and Problem-Solving
○ Recognizing Cognitive Biases and Logical Errors
● Skills Developed:
○ Applying logic to evaluate real-world claims.
● Activities:
○ Case studies: Analyzing social media posts and news articles.
● Readings:
○ Kahneman, Daniel, Thinking, Fast and Slow (Farrar, Straus and Giroux)
Session 10: Logic for Language and Communication
● Topics:
○ Using Logic to Improve Language Learning
○ Logical Structure in Argumentative Writing and Debates
● Skills Developed:
○ Structuring logical arguments in writing and speech.
● Readings:
○ Fisher, Alec, Critical Thinking: An Introduction (Cambridge University Press)
Week 6: Constructing and Refuting Arguments
Session 11: Building Strong Arguments
● Topics:
○ Techniques for Persuasive Argumentation
○ Constructing Arguments from Evidence
● Skills Developed:
○ Writing and presenting structured arguments.
● Activities:
○ Peer practice: Argument construction and feedback.
● Readings:
○ Weston, Anthony, A Rulebook for Arguments (Hackett Publishing)
Session 12: Refuting False Arguments
● Topics:
○ Strategies for Effective Refutations
○ Identifying Weaknesses in Opponents’ Arguments
● Skills Developed:
○ Refuting arguments logically and respectfully.
● Activities:
○ Debate practice: Refuting assigned arguments.
● Readings:
○ Popper, Karl, The Logic of Scientific Discovery
Week 7: Teaching Logic
Session 13: Simplifying Complex Ideas
● Topics:
○ Teaching Logic to Beginners
○ Adapting Logic for Non-Specialists
● Skills Developed:
○ Explaining logic clearly and engagingly.
● Activities:
○ Teaching demonstrations with peer feedback.
● Readings:
○ Bowell, Tracy, and Kemp, Gary, Critical Thinking: A Concise Guide (Routledge)
Session 14: Handling Questions and Challenges
● Topics:
○ Addressing Misunderstandings in Logic Teaching
○ Managing Questions and Encouraging Critical Discussion
● Activities:
○ Role-playing teaching scenarios.
● Readings:
○ Freire, Paulo, Pedagogy of the Oppressed
Week 8: Synthesis and Application
Session 15: Final Applications of Logic
● Topics:
○ Applying Logic in Philosophy and Academic Studies
○ Real-Life Problem Solving with Logical Tools
● Activities:
○ Group projects on practical uses of logic.
● Readings:
○ Grayling, A.C., The God Argument: The Case Against Religion and for
Humanism